Process of sizing yarns.



W. A. NIVLING. PROCESS OF SIZING YARNS. APPLICATION FILED MAR.7.19I4.

Patented Sept; 14, 1915,

2 SHEETSSHEET l rf/I llh 7 u.

Attorneys Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor Attorneys WALTER A. NIVLTNG, OF BQSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

rrtocnss or sizine' YAnns.

Specification of Letters Patent. 'Patentdsept. 14L, 1915.,

Application filed March 7, 1914. Serial No. 823,189.

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, WALTER A. NIVLING, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and usefulProcess of Sizin Yarns,'of which the following is a speci cation.

This application discloses a novel form of sizing apparatus and setsforth a novel process of sizing. 3

As a preliminary 'statement it will be understood that a sizing of thethread or yarn which is used in the manufacture of cotton cloth isnecessary in order to strengthen the yarn or thread and to lay thefibers so that the material may be adequately and properly prepared forthe weaving operation. Under the ordinary procedure, a quantity ofsizing material sutlicient tob'ring about the desired depth and tosecure a maximum sizing efiicie'ncy is run into the size box. As thelevel of the size falls, new size is occasionally added and as a resultof the foregoing the maximum depth of sizing material and conditionswhich promote a maximum efiiciency prevail for an instant only and, attimes, works wholly unsuited for the operation of weaving results, dueto the failure to restore the proper depth of sizing material soonenough, and due to the fact that the depth of the sizing material in thesize box is constantly fluctuating and may fall too low.

The amount of sizing material taken up by the yarn or thread dependsupon several factors, namely, the density of the sizing solution, thecharacter of the material'used asa sizing, the tension of the materialbeing sized, the twist thereof, the diameter of the yarn, thread ormaterial, and the depth of submergency, as well as the time during whichthe yarn or other material is kept submerged, either from the :rate oftravel of the material to be sized, the depth of the sizing material, orboth. A fluctuating depth of size, therefore, affects the length of timeduring" which the yarn-is able to absorb the sizing material. I

One objectof the present invention is to provide a process of sizingWhereinthe sizing material is kept at a constant level,

Another object of the invention is to provide a process of the sortabove mentioned in which, simultaneously with the maintenance of aconstant level, the heavier portions of structure depicted in Fig.

the size adjacent the bottom of the size box are removed. The processcontemplates a means whereby the depth of the size may be varied, thesize being kept at a constant level, however, between the times ofchange.

The, invention contemplates a sizing apparatus, whereby, as the materialis guided through the size box, a constant level will be maintained andwhereby the heavier portions of the size may be withdrawn from a pointadjacent the bottom of the size box, means being provided for chewingthe depth of the size in the size box at intervals.

With the above and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the combinationand'arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafterdescribed and claimed, it being understood that changes in the preciseembodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be-made within thescope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of theinvention.

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 isa sectional view, partly in,elevation, and illustrating diagrammatically, one apparatus constructedin accordance with the; present' invention; Fig. 2 1s a .section'through one ofthe size boxes; Fig. 3 is an elevation of the constantlevel device; Fig.

4 is a vertical longitudinal section of the constant level device; Fig.5 is a transverse section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is anelevation showing .a portion of the gate. Fig. 7 is a sectional detailillustrating a modified form of constant level device; Fig. 8 is a sideelevation showin the modified broken away; Fig. 9 is a transversesection; Fig- .10 is a detail illustratinga portion of the actuatingplunger; Fig.11 is a perspective detail illustrating a portion of theclamping and guiding mechanism. 7

In the accompanying drawings the numeral 1 indicates a size box of anyapproved construction,rthe numeral 2 indicat-in the material which is tobe sized. Any suitable means may be provided for guiding the material 2through the size box 1. As an illustration there is depicted in Fig.2, aguide roller 3 journaled for rotation adjacent one end of the size box,a vertically adjustable immersion roller 4 located within the size box,supporting rollers 5 located within the size box and heavy compressionrollers 6 c0- parts being operating with the supporting rollers 5, thecompression rollers 6 being provided with compressible facings 7. 'Thematerial 2 which is to be sized passes over the top of the guide roller3, beneath the immersion roller 4 and between the compression rollers 6and the. supporting rollers 5. These details, however, may be changedwithout jeopardizing the utility of the invention, it being necessarymerely that the material 2 be guided through the size box by somesuitable means.

In the present embodiment of theinvention there is provided a.const antlevel device, the details of which are shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6.Different forms of constant level devices may be resorted to, but theconstructions herein disclosed Will be found peculiarly efiicient forthe ends in View. i

The constant level device includes a tubular casing 8 comprisinglaterally separable parts 9 having mating cars 10 through which securingelements 11 pass. Adjacent their lower ends, the constituent parts ofthe casing 8 are equipped with lateral nipples 12. In the interior ofthe parts 9 of the casing 8 and adjacent their longitudinal edgesupright ribs 14 are formed, the same constituting a guide in which avertically slidable imperforate gate 15 is mounted. Extendedtransversely of one of the parts 9 of the casing 8 into close contactwith the vertically slidable gate 15 is a platform 16. Located above theplatform 16 is a nipple 17 receiving a; pipe 18 which enters the sizebox 1' at or close to the bottom thereof. Mounted detachably upon theupper end of the casing 8 by threading or otherwise is a cap 19 whichmay carry a pet cook 20. A, hand wheel 21 or like device is mounted forrotation in the cap 19, as shown at 22. Threaded into the hand wheel 21is a screw 23 through the lower end of which a connecting element 24passes, the connecting element 24; being mounted in the upper end of thegate 15.

Any suitable means may be provided for supplying fresh size to the size,box 1, or the several size boxes, when as shown in Fig; 1, more than onesize box is employed. The showing of the drawings in this regard islargely diagrammatic and 1t will be obvious to persbnsskilled in the artthat changes properly falling within the scope of the invention maybemade to accommodate the structure to plants already in use, or to permitthe invention to be employed in buildings already constructed andequipped partially or entirely with a sizing apparatus.

' In one form of the invention a storage tank 25 is provided, and acrossthe tank is extended a screen 26. The storage tank 25 may be equippedwith any approved means for heating the size, said means being indicatedby the reference character 25. Leading from the storage tank 25 is asupply pipe 27, having a branch 29 for each size box 1, the branches 29being equipped with valves 30. A pipe 31 communicates with the nipples12 of the casings .8 and may discharge into the storage tank 25 abovethe screen 26. In the pipe 31 may be interposed a pump 28.

In practical operation, the heavier and excess portions of the size,lying adjacent the bottom of the size box 1, pass through thepipe 18into the casing 8 and are prevented fron flowing downwardly by thepartition 16. The size rises and flows over the upper edge of the gate15 and thence passes downwardly into the pipe 31 and from the pipe 31into the storage tank 25. From the storage tank 25, or from any othersuitable source of supply, fresh size is delivered into the size box 1and when the storage tank 25 is used, fresh size enters the boxes by wayof the pipes 27 and 29. The size may be renewed from a sizepreparation'kettle 32 having suitable means indicated at 33 fordischarging into the tank 25, and having a heating means 32.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the heavier portions of thesize are drawn away and, simultaneously, a constant level ismaintainedin the size box. It is possible to vary the level of the size in thesize box 1 by rotating the hand wheel 21 which, engaging the screw 23,serves to raise and lower the gate 15. Thus, the depth of submergence ofthe material 2 may be regulated.

Through the instrumentality of the mechanism above described the size ismaintained at a constant level and the heavier portions of the size aredrawn away, the size thus being maintained in a homogeneous condition.

The heating means indicated conventionally at 25' prevents the size inthe tank 25 from becoming thickened. One step in the process hereindescribed consists, there fore, in preventing the formation of athickened and deleterious size, by keeping the size hot.-

At any convenient time, the size box may be emptied through the mediumof the pipe 31, the size being forced by the pump 28 onto the screen 26,the size passing thence into the tank 25. The size, therefore, may besalvaged at predetermined intervals.

Referring to that form of the invention which is depicted in Figs. 7, 8,9, 10 and 11, there is shown a casing 50 of tubular form and comprisingseparable parts 51, recessed as shown at 52 to form webs 53 united bvsecuring elements 54. The parts 51 of the casin 50 are rovided with niles 55 receiving a 'pipe 56 corresponding to the pipe 31. In theinterior of the parts 51 of the casing 50 and along their meeting edgesribs 57 are formed, the same defining guides in which is mounted toreciprocate a gate 58. Extended transversely of-one of the parts 51 ofthe casing 50is a platform 59, the gate 58 being adapted to slide inclose and intimate contact with the inner edge of the platform 59.Projecting from one of the parts 51 of the casing 50 is a pipe 60 whichforms a communication with the size box. The upper end of the casing 50may be closed, it desired, as shown at 61 a pet cock 100 being provided.This pet cock, like the cock 20., acts as a vent and prevents the pump28 from withdrawing too much size and altering the constant level orvolume. Tn the loweredge of the gate 58 there is termed a notch 62.

The means for controlling the movement of the gate 58 includes plunger63, offset as shown at 6% adjacent its upper end, the end G l of theplunger being united by means of a securing element 65 with the loweredge of the gate 58. The oiisetting of the plunger as shown at 68 servesto prevent the plunger from spacing the gate 58 apart from the inneredge of the platform 59, and consequently a close closure is effectedbetween the platform and the gate. The lower end oi the casing 50 isequipped with a nipple 66 carrying a packing gland 6? through which theplunger 63 passes.

The invention includes a tubular standard 68 threaded at 69 into asocket 70 secured to the floor 71 or to any other accessible support.-In opposed portions of the tubuiar standard 68 elongated slots 72 areformed. The lower end of the plunger '63 passes inside of the standard68 and is equipped with an opening 73 through which passes a rod 7%lyingin the slots 7 2 and carrying wing nuts 75 adapted to bear againstthe outer .face of the standard ('38. One wing nut is' threaded onto therod 74 and the other wing nut is fixed to or integral with the rod.Tubular guides'YG are mounted on the rod 7% and engage the innersurfaceof the standard 68.' Owing to the fact that the standard 68 isthreadedat 69 into the socket 70, the standard may be raised andlowered. by" rotating the same, thereby permitting an adjustment of thepacking gland 67.

The gate 58 may be raised and lowered by loosening the movable wing nut75, the rod 74 moving in the slots 72 of the standard 68. Obviously, thelevel of the size in the size boX and the volume of size in the size boxis determined by the position of the upper edge of the gate 58. When thegate is raised, as shown in Fig. 7 until the upper edge of the notch 2lies above the upper face of the platform 59, a complete drainage of thesize boX may be effected.

The apparatus herein disclosed is em bodied in my co-pending case No.878,581 filed December 22, 1914:.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is y l. The hereindescribed process of sizing which consists in guiding the material to besized through a size boa: and maintaining the size in the size box at aconstant level while the material is passing through the size box; anddrawing of? the heavier portions of the size from a point adjacent'thebottom of the box. 7

2. The herein described process of sizing which consists in guiding thematerial to be sized through a size box; withdrawing the heavier andexcess portions of the size from a point adjacent the bottom of the box;introducing fresh size into the size box; and maintainingthe size at aconstant level in the size box.

3. The process of sizing with liquid that naturally separates intoportions of difierent densities, which consists in guiding the ma terialto be sized through a receptacle containing. the sizing liquid;maintaining the sizing liquid at a constant level'in the re ceptaclewhile the material is passing through the sizing liquid; and removingone of the denser portions of the size from the receptacle.

4:. The herein described process of sizing which consists in guiding thematerial to be sized through a size box; maintaining the size at aconstant level in the size box; withdrawing the excess portions of thesize from a point adjacent the bottom of the box; introducing fresh sizeinto the size box; and maintaining the fresh size in a heated conditionprior to its introduction into the size box, thereby to prevent athickening of the size prior to its passage into the size box.

5. The process of sizing with liquid that naturally separates intoportions of difi'erent densities, which consists in guiding the materialto be sized through a receptacle containing the sizing liquid;maintaining the sizing liquid at a constant level in the receptaclewhile the material is passing through the sizing liquid; andprogressively removing certain of the denser portions of the sizingliquid from the receptacle. I

In testimony that T claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto attiredmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

' WALTER A. NTVLING. Witnesses:

J. P. CAMPBELL, R. M. PARKER

